The framework / 01

The approach

Plain Strategy helps people understand, develop and assess strategy by making its concepts, choices and reasons explicit.

Strategy

Strategy concerns the course of action adopted to pursue a purpose in particular circumstances. It connects an understanding of the situation with choices about what to pursue, how to proceed and where to commit effort and resources.

Who it is for

This framework is for anyone interested in understanding or improving strategy, including those who develop, assess, or carry out an organisation’s strategy.

Purpose and objectives

Method

Use concepts and their connections to describe the situation. Apply principles to the circumstances before reaching a judgement.

Concepts serve as models for this examination. Sentence patterns represent the models by making their elements explicit.

Principles

Identify what is being examined and for what purpose

Identify the strategy, proposal, action or decision being examined and what the inquiry is intended to establish.

Make purposes and choices explicit

Establish what is intended, what it is for and how the proposed actions and means connect.

Use clear concepts and examine their relationships

Distinguish what was intended, what was done, what followed and what was appropriate.

Take circumstances and evidence into account

Consider the people, information and means involved, and the descriptions the evidence supports.

Test the account against cases and failures

Examine whether the description captures what matters, including where the course encounters difficulties.

Give reasons and keep them in mind when changing the strategy

Explain the grounds for adopting a course and how changed circumstances bear on those grounds.

Using the approach

Describe the proposed or actual course, examine its connections and the relevant evidence, and give reasons for the judgement reached.

Plain Strategy, developed by Dr Julien Maréchal. © 2026 The Governance Practice.

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